Ocotepec 2

Teʹ Kak Yajkti Teʹ Tsiʹ ‘The Jaguar and The Opossum’
told by Francisco Morales Ramírez

Román de la Cruz Morales
CIESAS
Ocotepec Zoque is part of the dialect chain of Chiapas Zoque dialect chain (Wonderly 1949), spoken in the municipality of the same name located in the Northeastern part of the state of Chiapas, Mexico. Ocotepec Zoque speakers identify themselves as ʹodepät, literally ‘man (pon) of words (ʔone)’. To refer to the language, speakers use the term ʹodetsame, which comes from ʔon e tsam e ‘speech (ʔon e) say (tsam e)’, literally meaning ‘language of the word’. The ʹodepät have a great repository of oral tradition that is still transmitted today to younger generations from grandparents to grandchildren and parents to children in family settings.
The story Teʹ Kak Yajkti Teʹ Tsiʹ ‘The Jaguar and The Opossum’ is narrated by Francisco Morales Ramírez. At the time the text was recorded in July 2014, Mr. Morales was 84 years old. In this story he portrays the opossum as a small and wily character, and the jaguar as strong but naïve.

1)
speaker		 Teʹ tsiʹis ʹoʹunde ʹyanhgumaʹkʹäyi teʹ kak.
teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis ʔoy–u=ʔuŋ=te y–ʔaŋ–ko–maʔk–ʔǝy–i teʔ kaŋ
DET opossum=3ERG arrive.thereAUX–CMP=REP=FOC 3A–MOUTH–OTHER–pursue–VRB–DEP1 DET jaguar
‘The opossum went there to trick the jaguar.’
2)
speaker		 ʹyanhgumaʹkʹäyi.
y–ʔaŋ–ko–maʔk–ʔǝy–i
3A–MOUTH–OTHER–pursue–VRB–DEP1
‘He lied to him.’
3)
speaker		 Pyaʹduʹunh teʹse tiʹyäjkomo.
y–paʔt–u=ʔuŋ teʔ=se tiʔyǝk=ʔomo
3A–find–CMP=REP MED=SIM something=insideRN
‘He found him inside of something.’
4)
speaker		 [ʹoyu] ʹyamigopäki.
ʔoy–u y–amigo•pǝk–i
arrive.thereAUX–CMP 3A–friend•take–DEP1
‘He came to be his friend.’
5)
speaker		 Teʹyi temäʹunh pyaʹdu teʹ tiʹyäjkʹis
teʔ=yi teʔ=mǝʔ=ʔuŋ y–paʔt–u teʔ tiʔyǝk=ʔis
MED=LOC.EXT MED=LOC.INT=REP 3A–find–CMP DET something=3ERG
‘Later, apparently, he found him there inside that thing.’
6)
speaker		 Temäʹunh ʹijtpa temä tiʹyäjkomo.
teʔ=mǝʔ=ʔuŋ Ø–ʔit–pa teʔ=mǝʔ tiʔyǝk=ʔomo
MED=LOC.INT=REP 3S–exist–CMP MED=LOC.INT something=insideRN
‘Apparently, he was there inside something.’
7)
speaker		 Nyäjabyabäʹ tiʹyäjk ʹeste… sapote! Takisyapne. Takisyapne.
y–nǝm–hay–pa=pǝʔ tiʔyǝk este sapote taki•sapane taki•sapane
3S–say–APPL–INC=REL INTER este sapote hoof•sapote hoof•sapote
‘In what they call…sapote! Sapote. Sapote.’3
8)
speaker		 Temäʹunh ʹijtpa teʹ tsiʹ.
teʔ=mǝʔ=ʔuŋ Ø–ʔit–pa teʔ ¢iʔ
MED=LOC.INT=REP 3S–exist–INC DET opossum
‘Apparently, there was the opossum.’
9)
speaker		 Teʹyi nuʹkuʹunh teʹ kak.
teʔ=yi Ø–nuʔk–u=ʔuŋ teʔ kaŋ
MED=LOC.EXT 3S–arrive–CMP=REP DET jaguar
‘Later, the jaguar arrived.’
10)
speaker		 Nyäjabyaʹunh, ʹamigo yajkwanajkjaʹtsi ʹäjtsi tumäk.
y–nǝm–hay–pa=ʔuŋ amigo yak–wanak–hay–aʔ=ʔ¢i ʔǝh¢i tumǝ–k
3A–say–APPL–INC=REP friend CAUS–lower–APPL–IRR=1ABS 1ABS.PRO one–SPECIF
‘Apparently, he said, “Friend, lower one down for me!” ’4
11)
speaker		 Yajkwanajkjabyat
yak–wanak–hay–pa=ʔt
CAUS–lower–APPL–INC=1ERG
‘ “I’ll lower it to you.’
12)
speaker		 Yajkwanajkyabyat.
yak–wanak–hay–pa=ʔt
CAUS–lower–APPL–INC=1ERG
‘ “I’ll lower it to you.’
13)
speaker		 Mguʹtpa?
m–kuʔt–pa
2A–eat–INC
‘ “Are you going to eat it?’
14)
speaker		 Yajkwanajkjabyat ʹäjt.
yak–wanak–hay–pa=ʔt ʔǝht
CAUS–lower–APPL–INC=1ERG 1PRO.ERG
‘ “I’ll lower it to you.” ’
15)
speaker		 ʹi komo teʹ tiʹyäjk…
ʔi komo teʔ tiʔyǝk
and how DET something
‘And how the thing is…’
16)
speaker		 Teʹ tsiʹ manyabäʹunhdekeʹ.
teʔ ¢iʔ Ø–maña=pǝʔ=ʔuŋ=te=keʔ
DET opossum 3S–tricky=REL=REP=COP=well
‘Well, the opossum was devious.’
17)
speaker		 Nyäʹijtuʹunhnaʹajk tsaʹ polabäʹ.
y–nǝ–ʔit–u=ʔuŋ=naʔak ¢aʔ Ø–pola=pǝʔ
3A–ASSOC–exist–CMP=REP=CONTR rock 3S–round=REL
‘He had a rock that was round.’
18)
speaker		 Nyäjayuʹunh, ʹaʹdäʹ.
y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ ʔaʔt–ǝʔ
3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP open.mouth–IRR
‘He told him, “Open your mouth!’
19)
speaker		 Mʹaknakomote mtänhʹäjyjabyabäʹ,
m–ʔaŋ–naka=ʔomo=te m–tǝŋ–ʔǝy–hay–pa=pǝʔ
2PSR–MOUTH–skin=insideRN=COP LCL–throw–VRB–APPL–INC=REL
‘ “I’ll throw it into your mouth,’
20)
speaker		 pojke najskäsi waʹa nyuʹku maka punhʹubäʹyi, yaye.
porque nas–kǝs=yi waʔa y–nuʔk–u maŋ–pa Ø–puŋʔu–pǝʔ–i Ø–yah–e
because ground–aboveRN=LOC.EXT COMP 3S.DEP–arrive–DEP2 goAUX–INC 3S–undo–TOTAL–DEP1 3S–end–DEP1
‘ “because if it hits the ground it will fall apart and be ruined.’
21)
speaker		 ʹaʹdädiʹaʹ!
ʔaʔt–ǝʔ=ti=ʔam
open.mouth–IRR=LIM=IAM
‘ “Open your mouth already!’
22)
speaker		 Mʹaknakomo mtänhʹäjyjabya.
m–ʔaŋ–naka=ʔomo m–tǝŋ–ʔǝy–hay–pa
2PSR–MOUTH–skin=insideRN LCL–throw–VRB–APPL–INC
‘ “I’ll throw it in your mouth.” ’
23)
speaker		 ʹaʹtkiʹmbaʹunh kak nimeke.
Ø–ʔaʔt•kiʔm–pa=ʔuŋ kaŋ nimeke
3S–open.mouth•go.up–INC=REP jaguar much
‘The jaguar opened his mouth wide and faced upward.’
24)
speaker		 Tyäkmäʹnjayuʹunh tsiʹis por kuenta teʹ takisyapne.
y–tǝŋ•mǝʔn–hay–u=ʔuŋ ¢iʔ=ʔis por cuenta teʔ taki•sapane
3A–throw•lower–APPL–CMP=REP opossum=3ERG for account DET hoof•sapote
‘The opossum threw it down, it was supposed to be a sapote fruit.’
25)
speaker		 Jiʹnunhde takisyapne.
Ø–hiʔn=ʔuŋ=te taki•sapane
3S–NEG.INC=REP=FOC hoof•sapote
‘It wasn’t a sapote.’
26)
speaker		 Polabäʹ tsaʹunh tyänhʹäjyjayu ʹyaknakomo.
Ø–pola=pǝʔ ¢aʔ=ʔuŋ y–tǝŋ–ʔǝy–hay–u y–ʔaŋ–naka=ʔomo
3S–round=REL rock=REP 3A–throw–VRB–APPL–CMP 3PSR–MOUTH–skin=insideRN
‘He threw a round rock into his mouth.’
27)
speaker		 Yeʹkejayuʹunh tyäjts kanʹis nyeʹ.
y–yeʔke–hay–u=ʔuŋ y–tǝ¢ kaŋ=ʔis y–neʔ
3A–scatter–APPL–CMP=REP 3PSR–teeth jaguar=3GEN 3PSR–GEN.PRO
‘He scattered all the jaguar’s teeth.’
28)
speaker		 Jäʹä byentsetsäjku.
hǝʔǝ y–ben¢e–¢ǝk–u
AFFIR 3A–defeat–do–CMP
‘Yes, he defeat him.’
29)
speaker		 Makuʹunh nhgangaʹe pidiwijtpa.
Ø–maŋ–u=ʔuŋ ŋ–kaŋ–kaʔe Ø–piti•wit–pa
3S–go–CMP=REP MASC–jaguar–male 3S–roll•walk–INC
‘The jaguar rolled away.’
30)
speaker		 ʹeyajamaʹkam pyaʹtkeʹduʹunh.
ʔeya–hama=ʔk=ʔam y–paʔt–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ
other–day=TSUB=IAM 3A–find–REPET–CMP=REP
‘Another day (the jaguar) came across him again.’
31)
speaker		 Nyäjayuʹunh, weno ʹamigo yäti ʹoʹtsi myajksutsäki.
y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ bueno amigo yǝti ʔoy–u=ʔ¢i m–yaksu•¢ǝk–i
3S–say–APPL–CMP=REP good friend now arrive.thereAUX–CMP=1ABS LCL–bad•do–DEP1
‘He told him, “Well, my friend, you wronged me just now.’
32)
speaker		 Yäti makat mgäʹsi yäʹki.
yǝti maŋ–pa=ʔt m–kǝʔs–i yǝʔ=ki
now goAUX–INC=1ERG LCL–eat–DEP1 PRX=LOC.EXT
‘ “Now I’m going to eat you here.” ’
33)
speaker		 ʹamigo ʹuʹtsi mgäʹsu!
amigo ʔuʔ=ʔ¢i m–kǝʔs–u
friend NEG.IMP=1ABS LCL–eat–DEP2
‘ “Friend, don’t eat me!’
34)
speaker		 ʹuʹtsi mgäsu!
ʔuʔ=ʔ¢i m–kǝʔs–u
NEG.IMP=1ABS LCL–eat–DEP2
‘ “Don’t eat me!’
35)
speaker		 Makaʹt yajkʹijsi fortuna, nyäjayuʹunh.
maŋ–pa=ʔt yak–ʔis–i fortuna y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ
goAUX–INC=1ERG CAUS–see–DEP1 fortune 3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP
‘ “I’ll show you a fortune,” he told him.’
36)
speaker		 ʹijtu fortuna yäʹmä näʹkäʹmä.
Ø–ʔit–u fortuna yǝʔ=mǝʔ nǝʔ=kǝʔ=mǝʔ
3S–exist–CMP fortune PRX=LOC.INT water=underRN=LOC.INT
‘ “There is a treasure over there, under the water.’
37)
speaker		 [Ma]kaʹt yajkʹijsi kontalkeʹtsi jiʹ mgäʹsi.
maŋ–pa=ʔt yak–ʔis–i con‿tal‿que=ʔ¢i hiʔn m–kǝʔs–i
goAUX–INC=1ERG CAUS–see–DEP1 as.long.as=1ABS NEG.INC LCL–eat–DEP1
‘ “I’ll show you as long as you don’t eat me.” ’
38)
speaker		 Manyabäʹunhdekeʹ nimeke teʹ tsiʹ.
Ø–maña=pǝʔ=ʔuŋ=te=keʔ nimeke teʔ ¢iʔ
3S–tricky=REL=REP=COP=well much DET opossum
‘The opossum is very devious.’
39)
speaker		 ʹo yajkʹijskeʹdi.
ʔoy–u yak–ʔis–keʔt–i
arrive.thereAUX–CMP CAUS–see–also–DEP1
‘He went to show him as well.’
40)
speaker		 Teʹ jamasunh tsyisä täʹkäbyabäʹ teʹ näʹkämä.
teʔ hama=ʔis=ʔuŋ y–¢isi Ø–tǝk–ʔǝy–pa=pǝʔ teʔ nǝʔ=kǝʔ=mǝʔ
DET sun=3GEN=REP 3PSR–filament 3S–house–VRB–INC=REL DET water=underRN=LOC.INT
‘The sunbeams entered the water.’
41)
speaker		 Nyäjayuʹunh, jikande jikä näʹkämä.
y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ hik=ʔam=te hikǝ nǝʔ=kǝʔ=mǝʔ
3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP DIST=IAM=FOC DIST water=underRN=LOC.INT
‘He told him, “It’s that, that under the water.’
42)
speaker		 Toʹnhaʹ yäʹ näʹ ʹi toʹnhaʹ ʹi toʹnhaʹ!
toʔŋ–aʔ yǝʔ nǝʔ ʔi toʔŋ–aʔ ʔi toʔŋ–aʔ
drink–IRR PRX water and drink–IRR and drink–IRR
‘ “Drink this water, and drink and drink!’
43)
speaker		 Täjtspa yäʹ näʹ mbäjkpa te fortuna.
Ø–tǝ¢–pa yǝʔ nǝʔ m–pǝk–pa teʔ fortuna
3S–dry–INC PRX water 2A–take–INC DET fortune
‘ “When the lake becomes dry (or when the water has gone), you can take the treasure.” ’
44)
speaker		 ʹi jamadiʹunhde kendäjkäbyabäʹ teʹ näʹkämä.
ʔi hama=ti=ʔuŋ=te Ø–ken–tǝk–ʔǝy–pa=pǝʔ teʔ nǝʔ–kǝʔ–mǝʔ
and sun=LIM=REP=COP 3S–see–house–VRB–INC=REL DET water=underRN=LOC.INT
‘And it was just the sun reflected in the water.’
45)
speaker		 Tsuʹnhgeʹduʹunh kak.
Ø–¢uʔŋ–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ kaŋ
3S–split–also–CMP=REP jaguar
‘Also the jaguar split open.’
46)
speaker		 Tyoʹnhbabäʹunhde näʹ tyoʹnhbaʹunh.
y–toʔŋ–pa=pǝʔ=ʔuŋ=te nǝʔ y–toʔŋ–pa=ʔuŋ
3A–drink–INC=REL=REP=COP water 3A–drink–INC=REP
‘He drank and drank the water.’
47)
speaker		 Tajsuʹunh tsyejk.
Ø–tas–u=ʔuŋ y–¢ek
3S–fill–CMP=REP 3PSR–stomach
‘His stomach filled up.’
48)
speaker		 Näʹamunh wyibuʹu nyuʹni tyidam.
nǝ=ʔam=ʔuŋ y–wipuʔ–u y–nuʔni y–ti=taʔm
PROG=IAM=REP 3S.DEP–drip–DEP2 3PSR–backside 3PSR–thing=PL
‘He was leaking from his backside and other parts.’
49)
speaker		 Näbuʹunh, pero yäʹ ʹanhgumaʹkʹäyubäʹtside, yatsy ʹanimalis, nämbaʹunh.
Ø–nǝm–u=ʔuŋ pero yǝʔ=ʔis Ø–ʔaŋ–ko–maʔk–ʔǝy–u=pǝʔ=ʔ¢i=te ya¢i animal=ʔis Ø–nǝm–pa=ʔuŋ
3S–say–CMP=REP but PRX=3ERG 1PO–MOUTH–OTHER–pursue–VRB–CMP=REL=1ABS=COP bad animal=3ERG 3S–say–INC=REP
‘He says, “But this evil animal tricked me.” ’
50)
speaker		 Tsyajkeʹduʹunh.
y–¢ak–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ
3A–leave–also–CMP=REP
‘He also left him.’
51)
speaker		 ʹeya jamaʹkam pyaʹtkeʹduʹunh.
ʔeya hama=ʔk=ʔam y–paʔt–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ
other day=TSUB=IAM 3A–find–also–CMP=REP
‘Another day he found him again.’
52)
speaker		 Nyäjayu, weno yäti makam ʹäjt mbenakäʹsi, nyäjayu.
y–nǝm–hay–u bueno yǝti maŋ–pa=ʔam ʔǝht m–pena–kǝʔs–i y–nǝm–hay–u
3A–say–APPL–CMP good now goAUX–INC=IAM 1ERG.PRO LCL–obligate–eat–DEP1 3A–say–APPR–CMP
‘He told him, “Good, I must eat you,” he told him.’
53)
speaker		 ʹamigo ʹutsi maku mgäʹsi, nyäjayuʹunh.
amigo ʔu=ʔ¢i maŋ–u m–kǝʔs–i y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ
friend NEG.IMP=1ABS goAUX–DEP2 LCL–eat–DEP1 3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP
‘ “Friend, you’re not going to eat me,” he told him.’
54)
speaker		 ʹayidatsäkäʹtsi!
ʔayida•¢ǝk–hay–ǝʔ=ʔ¢i
help•do–APPL–IRR=1ABS
‘ “Help me!’
55)
speaker		 Näʹtsi maku sänhʹaye yäti.
nǝ=ʔ¢i maŋ–u Ø–sǝŋ–ʔah–yah–e yǝti
PROG=1ABS goAUX–DEP2 1S.DEP–party–INCH–3PL–DEP1 now
‘ “Let’s go have a party now.’
56)
speaker		 ʹijtu nmasanʹune nä makubäʹ kyoʹdäjke,
Ø–ʔit–u n–masan–ʔune nǝ maŋ–u=pǝʔ y–koʔ–tǝk–e
3S–exist–CMP 1PSR–sacred–son PROG goAUX–DEP2=REL 3S.INDP–HEAD–house–DEP1
‘ “I have a godson who is going to get married,’
57)
speaker		 ʹi ʹäjt näʹt sutnu nhgitarrapiʹkpabäʹ, nyäjayuʹunh.
ʔi ʔǝht nǝ=ʔt Ø–sut–u Ø–ŋ–guitarra•piʔk–pa=pǝʔ y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ
and 1ERG.PRO PROG=1ERG 1A–want–DEP2 3S–MASC–guitar•play–INC=REL 3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP
‘ “and I want a guitar player,” he told him.’
58)
speaker		 Wiyunhse? Wiyunhse?
Ø–wiyuŋ=se Ø–wiyuŋ=se
3S–straight=SIM 3S–straight=SIM
‘ “Is this for real? Is this for real?” ’
59)
speaker		 Ma poʹksa jinhäʹ!
maŋ–ǝʔ poʔks–aʔ hiŋǝʔ
goAUX–IMP sit–IMP DIST
‘ “Go sit there!’
60)
speaker		 Jinhäʹ maka mtsajkpäʹyi.
hiŋǝʔ maŋ–pa m–¢ak–pǝʔ–i
DIST goAUX–INC LCL–leave–total–DEP1
‘ “There I’m going to leave you.’
61)
speaker		 ʹi ʹäjt maka makpäki teʹ nmasanʹune.
ʔi ʔǝht maŋ–pa=ʔt n–maŋ–pǝk–i teʔ n–masan•ʔune
and 1ERG.PRO goAUX–INC=1ERG 1A–go–take–DEP1 DET 1PSR–sacred•child
‘ “And I’ll go get my godson.” ’
62)
speaker		 Nÿäjayuʹunh tsiʹis,
y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ ¢iʔ=ʔis
3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP opossum=3ERG
‘The opossum told (the jaguar),’
63)
speaker		 Pero syänhʹajpabäʹde mijtsi.
pero ny–sǝŋ–ʔah–pa=pǝʔ=te mih¢i
but 2S–party–INCH–INC=REL=COP 2ABS.PRO
‘ “But it’s you who will have fun.’
64)
speaker		 Mjeʹtspabäʹde mgitarra ʹi wiyunhse.
m–heʔ¢–pa=pǝʔ=te m–guitarra ʔi wiyuŋ=se
2A–scratch–INC=REL=COP 2PSR–guitar and right=SIM
‘ “You play your guitar a lot.’
65)
speaker		 Manba nimekem nä ʹyanhʹänyä,
m–man–pa nimeke=ʔam nǝ y–ʔaŋʔǝy–nǝm–u
2A–listen–INC much=IAM PROG 3S.DEP–sound–IMPL–DEP2
‘ “If you hear that it’s too loud,’
66)
speaker		 nä pyäku teʹ ti’yäjk teʹ juktäjk,
nǝ y–pǝk–u teʔ tiʔyǝk teʔ huk–tǝk
PROG 3S.DEP–explode–DEP2 DET

something DET smoke–INSTR.NOM2
‘ “this thing, the fire, it’s exploding’
67)
speaker		 tsiʹä mbämi!
¢iʔ–ǝʔ m–pǝmi
give–IRR 2PSR–strength
‘ “give it all your strength!’
68)
speaker		 Näʹande myiduʹk koʹdäjkapabäʹ.
nǝ=ʔam=te y–min–u=ʔk Ø–koʔ–tǝk–ʔah–pa=pǝʔmaŋ–u
PROG=IAM=COP 3S.DEP–come–DEP2=TSUB 3S.INDP–HEAD–house–INCH–INC=REL
‘ “That’s when the person who is going to get married is coming.” ’
69)
speaker		 Manhgeʹduʹunh pobrespä kak.
Ø–maŋ–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ Ø–pobre=pǝʔ kaŋ
3S–go–REPET–INC=REP 3S–poor=REL jaguar
‘The poor jaguar went back.’
70)
speaker		 [Maku] yjoʹkeʹdi koʹdäjkajpabäʹ.
maŋ–u y–hoʔk–keʔt–i Ø–koʔ–tǝk–ʔah–pa=pǝʔ
goAUX–CMP 3A–wait–REPET–DEP1 3S–HEAD–house–INCH–INC=REL
‘He went back to wait for the one who was going to get married.’5
71)
speaker		 Tsukabedäjkomoʹunh ʹo tsyake teʹ tsiʹis te kak.
¢u•kape•tǝk=ʔomo=ʔuŋ ʔoy–u y–¢ak–e teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis teʔ kaŋ
night•reed•house=insideRN=REP arrive.thereAUX–CMP 3A–leave–DEP1 DET opossum=3ERG DET jaguar
‘At the reed house, the opossum left the jaguar.’
72)
speaker		 Tsu’nhʹuʹunh teʹ tsiʹ ʹoʹunh nyoje majksykunyigoya teʹ tsukabetäjk.
Ø–¢uʔŋ–u=ʔuŋ teʔ ¢iʔ ʔoy–u=ʔuŋ y–noʔ–ʔah–e mahksykuy–ni–woy–a teʔ ¢u•kape•tǝk
3S–exit–CMP=REP DET opossum arrive.thereAUX=REP 3A–light–APPL=DEP four–BODY–roll–NOM DET night•reed•house
‘The opossum left; he set fire to the reed house in four places.’
73)
speaker		 Myanbaʹunh teʹ kanhʹis.
y–man–pa=ʔuŋ teʔ kaŋ=ʔis
3A–listen–INC=REP DET jaguar=3ERG
‘The jaguar heard.’
74)
speaker		 Pänhjotjotnebyaʹunh ʹanhʹäbya tʹe tsukabe.
Ø–pǝŋ•hot~hot–ney–pa=ʔuŋ Ø–ʔaŋʔǝy–pa teʔ ¢u•kape
3S–explode•sound~REDUP–AFFEC–INC=REP 3S–sound–INC DET night•reed
‘There was lots of noise from the exploding reed house.’
75)
speaker		 Päkpabäʹde.
Ø–pǝŋ–pa=pǝʔ=teØ–pǝŋ–pa=pǝʔ=te
3S–explode–INC=REL=COP
‘That’s what exploded.’
76)
speaker		 Päʹkspaʹunh nike,
Ø–pǝʔks–pa=ʔuŋ nike
3S–make.spark–INC=REP much
‘It threw out a lot of sparks,’
77)
speaker		 pero kanhʹis tsyiʹbaʹunh tsyejk nimeke.
pero kaŋ=ʔis y–¢iʔ–pa=ʔuŋ y–¢ek nimeke
but jaguar=3ERG 3A–give–INC=REP 3PSR–stomach much
‘but the jaguar hit his stomach a lot.’
78)
speaker		 Tsyiʹbaʹunh wane.
y–¢iʔ–pa=ʔuŋ wan–e
3A–give–INC=REP sing–NOM
‘(Hitting his stomach) made a noise.’
79)
speaker		 Midumunh ʹyijsi juktäjk käjsmädamunh nä kyädu.
min–u=ʔam=ʔuŋ y–ʔis–i huk–tǝk kǝs–mǝʔ–tam=ʔuŋ nǝ y–kǝt–u
comeAUX–CMP=IAM=REP 3A–see–DEP1 smoke–INSTR.NOM2 aboveRN=LOC.INT=PL=REP PROG 3S.DEP–pass–DEP2
‘When he went to look, the fire was already passing overhead.’
80)
speaker		 Tsuʹnhgeʹduʹunh pobrespä kak.
Ø–¢uʔŋ–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ Ø–pobres=pǝʔ kaŋ
3S–part–REPET–CMP=REP 3S–poor=REL jaguar
‘This poor jaguar was split apart again’
81)
speaker		 Juktäjkomoʹunh täjpkädu.
huk–tǝk=ʔomo=ʔuŋ Ø–tǝp•kǝt–u
smoke–INSTR.NOM2=insideRN=REP 3S–hop•pass–CMP
‘(The jaguar) jumped to get past the fire.’
82)
speaker		 Teʹkodaʹunh tsikinaʹjubäʹ teʹ pyama teʹ kanhʹis nyeʹ.
teʔ=kotaʔ=ʔuŋ Ø–¢ikin–ʔah–u=pǝʔ teʔ y–pama teʔ kaŋ=ʔis y–ne
MED=BEN=REP 3S–paint–INCH–CMP=REL DET 3PSR–clothes DET jaguar=3ERG 3PSR–GEN.PRO
‘This is how the jaguar’s hide became painted.’
83)
speaker		 Teʹkodaʹunh tsikinaʹjubäʹ teʹ pyama.
teʔ=kotaʔ=ʔuŋ Ø–¢ikin–ʔah–u=pǝʔ teʔ y–pama
MED=BEN=REP 3S–paint–INCH–CMP=REL DET 3PSR–clothes
‘This is how his hide became painted.’
84)
speaker		 Pokubäʹunhde wene.
Ø–poŋ–u=pǝʔ=ʔuŋ=te wen–e
3S–burn–CMP=REL=REP=COP divide–NOM
‘It was only one part that was burned.’
85)
speaker		 Näʹunh, yajksutsäjkeʹdum ʹäjtsi teʹ tsiʹis.
Ø–nǝm–u=ʔuŋ Ø–yaksu–¢ǝk–keʔt–u=ʔam ʔǝh¢i teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis
3S–say–CMP=REP 1PO–bad–do–REPET–CMP=IAM 1ABS.PRO DET opossum=3ERG
‘He said, “He has wronged me again.’
86)
speaker		 Pero nuʹkpa yjama.
pero Ø–nuʔk–pa y–hama
‘but 3S–arrive–INC 3PSR–day
‘“But his day will come.’
87)
speaker		 Jiʹnät ma ndiyäjke…
hiʔn ʔǝh=ʔt maŋ ndiyǝhke
NEG.INC 1PRO=1ERG go INTER
‘ “I’m not going to…’
88)
speaker		 Deposi maka jõdetsäki, nämbaʹunh kak.
teposi maŋ–pa n–hode•¢ǝk–i Ø–nǝm–pa=ʔuŋ kaŋ
no.matter.what goAUX–INC 1A–fuck.up•do–DEP1 3S–say–INC=REP jaguar
‘ “Anyway, I’m going to mess him up,” the jaguar said.’
89)
speaker		 Maka nhgäʹsi.
maŋ–pa=ʔt n–kǝʔs–i
goAUX–INC=1ERG 1A–eat–DEP1
‘ “I’m going to eat him.” ’
90)
speaker		 Pyaʹtkeʹduʹunh ʹeya jama
y–paʔt–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ ʔeya hama
3A–find–REPET–CMP=REP other day
‘He found him again on another day.’
91)
speaker		 Ja teʹse manh ʹa tujkeʹdu temäʹ?
ha teʔ=se maŋ ha Ø–tuk–keʔt–u temǝʔ
ha MED=SIM go–IRR NEG:CMP 3S–do–REPET–CMP INTER
‘ “That’s not going to happen (to me) again, is it?” ’
92)
speaker		 Tsiʹ temäʹunh wiʹtnyeyu
¢iʔ te=mǝʔ=ʔuŋ Ø–wiʔt–ney–u
opossum PRX=LOC.INT=REP 3S–roll–ASSUM–CMP
‘The opossum apparently was there rolled up (resting).’
93)
speaker		 Kaʹuʹunh por kuenta.
Ø–kaʔ–u=ʔuŋ por cuenta
3S–die–CMP=REP by account
‘He seemed dead.’
94)
speaker		 Temä wiʹtnyeyu näʹakpoya.
te=mǝʔ Ø–wiʔt–ney–u nǝʔ–aŋ–poy–a
PRX=LOC.INT 3S–roll–ASSUM–CMP water–MOUTH–run–NOM
‘There he was rolled up on the riverbank.’
95)
speaker		 Weno pue, nä.
bueno pues Ø–nǝm–u
good well 3S–say–CMP
‘ “Well good,” he said.’
96)
speaker		 Yäti nhyaʹuʹa, nyäjayu.
yǝti ny–kaʔ–u=ʔam y-nǝm-hay-u
now 2S–die–CMP=IAM 3S-say-APPL–CMP
‘ “Now you’re dead,” he says.’
97)
speaker		 Yäti makat mʹaknäjktänäyi.
yǝti maŋ–pa=ʔt m–ʔaŋ–nǝk–tǝn–ʔǝy–i
now goAUX–INC=1ERG LCL–MOUTH–about–defecate–VRB–DEP1
‘ “Now I’m going to defecate in his mouth.’
98)
speaker		 Waʹaj ke myidu mgiʹpsokyuy,
waʔa que y–min–u m–kiʔps–ʔoy–kuyʔ
‘COMP that 3S–come–DEP2 2PSR–think–ANTIP–INSTR.NOM1
‘“So that you think again,’
99)
speaker		 tikam ʹäjtsiʹnaʹajk nä myajksutsäjku.
ti–kotaʔ=ʔam ʔǝh¢i=naʔak nǝ m–yaksu•¢ǝk–u
that–BEN=IAM 1ABS.PRO=CONTR PROG LCL–bad•do–DEP2
‘ “because you have wronged me.” ’
100)
speaker		 Makumunhde tätkeʹdi kak teʹ tsiʹis ʹyaknakomo.
maŋ–u=ʔam=ʔuŋ=te Ø–tǝn–keʔt–i kaŋ teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis y–ʔaŋ–naka=ʔomo
goAUX–CMP=IAM=REP=FOC 3S–defecate–REPET–DEP1 jaguar DET opossum=3GEN 3PSR–MOUTH–skin=insideRN
‘The jaguar went to defecate in the opossum’s mouth.’
101)
speaker		 ʹi teʹ tsiʹ ja kyaʹäbäʹunhde.
ʔi teʔ ¢iʔ ha y–kaʔ–ǝ=pǝʔ=ʔuŋ=te
and DET opossum NEG.CMP 3S.DEP–die–IRR=REL=REP=COP
‘And the opossum wasn’t dead.’
102)
speaker		 Judäʹunh ʹaʹdanhwajku tsiʹ,
hutǝ=ʔuŋ Ø–ʔaʔt•ʔawak–u ¢iʔ
where=REP 3S–open.mouth•open–CMP opossum
‘When the opossum opened his mouth,’
103)
speaker		 kyeʹtstakspäjakyeʹduʹunh pyokaʹ.
y–keʔ¢•taʔks–pǝʔ–hay–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ y–pokaʔ
3A–bite•burst–total–APPL–REPET–CMP=REP 3PSR–testicle
‘he bit and burst (the jaguar’s) testicles.’
104)
speaker		 Pyokamunhjeke kyeʹtsjakyeʹdu.
y–pokaʔ=ʔam=ʔuŋ=heke y–keʔ¢–hay–keʔt–u
3PSR–testicle=IAM=REP=well=EMPH 3A–bite–APPL–REPET–CMP
‘He bit his testicles again.’
105)
speaker		 Manhgeʹduʹunh pobrespä ʹamigo.
Ø–maŋ–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ Ø–pobres=pǝʔ amigo
3S–go–REPET–CMP=REP 3S–poor=REL friend
‘The poor friend left.’
106)
speaker		 ʹamigo kak manhgeduʹunh wejpa.
amigo kaŋ maŋ–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ Ø–wey–pa
friend jaguar goAUX–REPET–CMP=REP 3S–shout–INC
‘Friend jaguar apparently left shouting.’
107)
speaker		 Nämbaʹunh, Yäti kojtjakyeʹdudiʹtsi.
Ø–nǝm–pa=ʔuŋ yǝti Ø–kot–hay–keʔt–u=tiʔ=ʔ¢i
3S–say–INC=REP now 1PO–put–APPL–REPET–CMP=also=1ABS
‘He said, “Now he’s tricked me again.” ’
108)
speaker		 Nijutsyeʹuh jiʹn gyanatsyäki teʹ tsiʹ.
ni–hu¢ye=ʔuŋ hiʔn y–gana•¢ǝk–i teʔ ¢iʔ
body–how=REP NEG.INC 3A–win•do–DEP1 DET opossum
‘There was no way the opossum was going to defeat him.’
109)
speaker		 Teʹse teʹseʹunh nyämäjtsyäbya nyämäjtsyäbya.
teʔ=se teʔ=se=ʔuŋ y–nǝ–mǝ¢–ʔǝy–pa y–nǝ–mǝh¢–ʔǝy–pa
MED=SIM MED=SIM=REP 3A–ASSOC–play–VRB–INC 3A–ASSOC–play–VRB–INC
‘Like that, like that he played it, he played it.’
110)
speaker		 Teʹyi ʹeya jamaʹka…
teʔ=yi ʔeya hama=ʔka
med=LOC.EXT other day=TSUB
‘Later, another day…’
111)
speaker		 pyatkeʹduʹunh.
y–paʔt–keʔt–u=ʔuŋv
3A–meet–REPET–CMP=REP
‘he met him another day.’
112)
speaker		 ʹaora si, makam ʹäjt mgäʹsi, nyäjayuʹunh.
ahora sí maŋ–pa=ʔam ʔǝht m–kǝʔs–i y–nǝm–hay–u=ʔuŋ
now si goAUX–INC=IAM 1ERG.PRO LCL–eat–DEP1 3A–say–APPL–CMP=REP
‘ “Now yes, I’m going to eat,” he said.’
113)
speaker		 Pyaʹtkeʹduʹunh.
y–paʔt–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ
3A–meet–REPET–CMP=REP
‘He went to meet him’
114)
speaker		 Pero yäti ʹuʹtsi mgäʹsu ʹamigo.
pero yǝti ʔu=ʔ¢i m–kǝʔs–u amigo
but now NEG.IMP=1ABS LCL–eat–DEP2 friend
‘ “But now don’t eat me, friend.’
115)
speaker		 Koʹsa jikä tsaʹ!
koʔs–aʔ hikǝ ¢aʔ
look–IRR DIST rock
‘ “Look at this rock!” ’
116)
speaker		 ʹijtu mäjabäʹ tsaʹ.
Ø–ʔit–u Ø–mǝha=pǝʔ ¢aʔ
3S–exist–CMP 3S–big=REL rock
‘There is a rock that is very big.’
117)
speaker		 Näde makubäʹ tsyuʹnhi.
nǝ=te maŋ–u=pǝʔ y–¢uʔŋ–i
PROG=COP goAUX–DEP2=REL 3S.DEP–exit–DEP1
‘This is the one which is going to fall off.’
118)
speaker		 Teʹ tsiʹis yäʹseʹunh myanyatsäjkpa kyäʹ.
teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis yǝʔ=ʔse=ʔuŋ y–maña•¢ǝk–pa y–kǝʔ
DET opossum=3ERG PRX=SIM=REP 3A–crafty•do–INC 3PSR–hand
‘The opossum apparently moved his hand in a particular way.’
119)
speaker		 Mero nä maku tsyuʹnhi.
mero nǝ maŋ–u y–¢uʔŋ–i
just PROG goAUX–DEP2 3S.DEP–exit–DEP1
‘He was just going to leave.’
120)
speaker		 Miʹtsi kotsoʹwaʹ!
min–ǝ=ʔ¢i Ø–ko¢oʔw–aʔ
‘comeAUX–IRR=1ABS 1PO–help–IRR
‘“Come help me!’
121)
speaker		 Pojke sino makade punhgaʹe yäʹ tsaʹis.
porque sino maŋ–pa=te Ø–puʔŋ•kaʔ–e yǝʔ ¢aʔ=ʔis
because otherwise goAUX–INC=1INCL.PO 1PO–hit.throw.object•die–DEP1 PRX rock=3ERG
‘ “Because otherwise this rock is going to crush us (to death).”  ’
122)
speaker		 Teʹseʹunh kyätsonhba teʹ tsiʹ.
teʔ=se=ʔuŋ y–kǝʔ–¢oŋ–pa teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis
MED=SIM=REP 3A–underRN–support–INC DET opossum=3ERG
‘Apparently the opossum was holding it down.’
123)
speaker		 Nyäjayu, Yäʹki kätsonhʹa mijt yäʹki!
y–nǝm–hay–u yǝʔ=ki kǝʔ–¢oŋ–aʔ miht yǝʔ=ki
3A–say–APPL–CMP PRX=LOC underRN–support–IRR 2ERG.PRO PRX=LOC
‘He said, “Here you hold it, here!” ’
124)
speaker		 ʹi ʹäjt makat nduʹnisi jinhäʹ tuʹmanh.
ʔi ʔǝht maŋ–pa=ʔt n–tuʔn–ʔis–i hiŋǝʔ tumǝ–ʔaŋ
and 1ERG.PRO goAUX–INC=1ERG 1A–look–see–DEP DIST one–side
‘ “And I’m going to look over there on the other side.’
125)
speaker		 ʹuka merode makabäʹ tsuʹnhi, mtsamjabyat.
ʔuka mero=te maŋ–pa=pǝʔ Ø–¢uʔŋ–i m–¢am–hay–pa=ʔt
COND just=COP goAUX–INC=REL 3S–exit–DEP1 LCL–say–APPL–INC=1ERG
‘ “If it’s going to fall down, I’ll let you know.’
126)
speaker		 Tsonhʹa mijt yäʹki!
¢oŋ–aʔ miht yǝʔ=ki
grab–IRR 2ERG.PRO PRX=LOC
‘ “Here, you grab it!” ’
127)
speaker		 Pero kanhʹis tsyäjkpaʹunh pyämi.
pero kaŋ=ʔis y–¢ǝʔk–pa=ʔuŋ y–pǝmi
but jaguar=3ERG 3A–do–INC=REP 3PSR–strength
‘But the jaguar used his strength.’
128)
speaker		 Maktenuʹkunh kyätsonhba tsaʹ.
maŋ•ten–u=ʔk=ʔuŋ y–kǝʔ–¢oŋ–pa ¢aʔ
step•stand–CMP=TSUB=REP 3A–under–grab–INC rock
‘He held it in place by standing under it.’
129)
speaker		 ʹi jiʹnunhde ka mabäʹ tsuʹnhi,
ʔi hiʔn=ʔuŋ=te ʔuka maŋ–a=pǝʔ Ø–¢uʔŋ–i
and NEG.INC=REP=COP COND goAUX–IRR=REL 3S–remove–DEP1
‘And apparently he wasn’t going to remove himself,’
130)
speaker		 sino ke teʹ tsiʹistiʹunhde ʹyanh[gumaʹkʹäyubäʹ].
sino que teʔ ¢iʔ=ʔis=ti=ʔuŋ=te y–ʔaŋ–ko–maʔk–ʔǝy–u=pǝʔ
but that DET opossum=3ERG=LIM=REP=FOC 3A–MOUTH–OTHER–pursue–VRB–CMP=REL
‘but the opossum was lying to (the jaguar).’6
131)
speaker		 Teʹ nä, ʹäj ngäduʹnʹis.
teʔ Ø–nǝm–u ʔǝht maŋ–pa=ʔt n–kǝʔ–tuʔn•ʔis–i
3PRO 3S–say–CMP 1ERG.PRO goAUX–INC=1ERG 1A–under–look•see–DEP1
‘He said, “I’m going to look underneath.” ’
132)
speaker		 Manhgeduʹunh teʹ tsiʹ.
Ø–maŋ–keʔt–u=ʔuŋ teʔ ¢iʔ
3S–go–REPET–CMP=REP DET opossum
‘The opossum left.’
133)
speaker		 Pokyeʹdudi.
Ø–poy–keʔt–u=ti
3S–escape–REPET–CMP=also
‘He also escaped again.’
134)
speaker		 Nunhkaʹunh ja gyanatsyäkä.
nuŋka=ʔuŋ ha y–gana•¢ǝk–ǝ
never=REP NEG:CMP 3A–win•do–IRR
‘Apparently, he never defeated him.’
135)
speaker		 Tsiʹ ja gyanatsäkäbäʹunhde teʹ kanhʹis.
¢iʔ ha y–gana•¢ǝk–ǝ=pǝʔ=ʔuŋ=te teʔ kaŋ=ʔis
opossum NEG:CMP 3A–win•do–IRR=REL=REP=COP DET jaguar=3ERG
‘The jaguar never defeated the opossum.’
136)
speaker		 Nikeʹunh ʹo mäjtsäye sone tiempo.
nike=ʔuŋ ʔoy–u Ø–mǝ¢–yah–e sone tiempo
much=REP arrive.thereAUX–CMP 3S–play–3PL–DEP1 much time
‘They came to play there a long time.’